Britain’s travel corridors close for four weeks from today

Several passengers have been refused permission to fly to Britain today after their negative Covid results were not deemed ‘sufficiently high standard’ because they were lateral flow tests – despite the Government saying they should be accepted. 

There was also chaos for thousands arriving at Heathrow Airport as they were forced to wait for 90 minutes in ‘chaotic’ queues after travel corridors were closed for the next four weeks from 4am this morning.

Hannah Holland, 23, from Sheffield, was left in tears after she was barred from the American Airlines (AA) service from Philadelphia via Chicago’s O’Hare airport due to land at London Heathrow this morning.

She had a certificate proving a negative antigen Covid test taken within 72 hours of departure – but AA staff at check in said it was not valid for travel to the UK despite being one of the types of tests approved the UK government.

Miss Holland was left sobbing and was not the only person denied permission to fly, according to The Independent. Her father said: ‘A British AA staff member was telling everyone with a rapid antigen Covid test that they weren’t valid. My daughter was in tears begging her to let her on the plane.’ 

It is also understood that British Airways and American Airlines staff at Heathrow have also turned away passengers flying to the US if their proof of negative Covid tests are NHS antigen tests, despite the CDC in America saying it should be accepted.

MailOnline has contacted the airlines and the Department for Transport to confirm if these were one-off mistakes by staff or a major breakdown of the UK’s new travel restrictions to keep new strains of coronavirus out of the UK.

The Government has been clear that ‘an antigen test, such as a test from a lateral flow device’ should be accepted by airlines, but adds the passenger must ‘ensure the test meets the minimum standards for sensitivity, specificity and viral load details’.  

The new rules came into force at 4am with all air corridors scrapped and every arrival facing 10 days quarantine or five days if they have another’s test and produce a negative result. It came as all travellers into the UK face being forced to stay in hotels under plans to further lock down Britain’s borders from today until February 15 amid calls for enforced quarantine.

Nick Brand, arriving back after a 48 hr business trip to Dubai, said it had taken 90 minutes from landing to get through immigration as suitcases piled up in arrivals. The 34 year old from Brighton told MailOnline: ‘There are long queues, but that shows they are doing it properly’. Katrina Wilson, also arriving on the overnight Emirates flight, was less than impressed with the long wait. ‘I just thought it could have been handled better’ she said: ‘It was quite chaotic’.

The chaos at airports came as:

  • Over 5million more Britons will be invited to receive a Covid-19 jab from today including many of the UK’s ovewr-70s;
  • NHS figures revealed one in six Covid-19 patients in English NHS hospitals arrived without the virus but were infected there since September;
  • Another 671 deaths were recorded, the highest number for any Sunday of the pandemic so far, along with 38,598 new cases;

There were huge queues in arrivals at Heathrow today as new rules demanding a negative Covid test came in to shore up the UK’s border 

Suitcases piled up in arrivals at Heathrow this morning as passengers faced long delays to enter the UK

Suitcases piled up in arrivals at Heathrow this morning as passengers faced long delays to enter the UK

A passenger in full PPE stands in the Arrival Hall of Terminal 5 at London's Heathrow Airport after arriving into the UK following the suspension of the travel corridors

A passenger in full PPE stands in the Arrival Hall of Terminal 5 at London’s Heathrow Airport after arriving into the UK following the suspension of the travel corridors

The first passengers arrive into Britain at Heathrow as from today, all people flying in to the UK will have to provide a negative Covid-19 test

The first passengers arrive into Britain at Heathrow as from today, all people flying in to the UK will have to provide a negative Covid-19 test

Arrivals at Stansted today where some were held up at passport control when they flew in because their coronavirus test results were not in English

Arrivals at Stansted today where some were held up at passport control when they flew in because their coronavirus test results were not in English

Which countries will you need a negative Covid test from before entering England?

From 4am on Monday January 18, 2021, anyone travelling to England must have proof of a negative coronavirus test, taken in the three days before starting their journey.

This will apply to arrivals who began their journeys in every country of the world, with the following exceptions:

  • Ireland
  • Northern Ireland
  • Scotland
  • Wales
  • Isle of Man
  • Jersey
  • Guernsey
  • Ascension
  • Falkland Islands
  • St Helena

There will also be an exemption until 4am on January 21 for people who began their journey in:

  • Antigua and Barbuda
  • St Lucia
  • Barbados

The test must meet performance standards of ≥97% specificity, ≥80% sensitivity at viral loads above 100,000 copies/ml. This could include tests such as:

  • a nucleic acid test, including a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test or derivative technologies, including loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) tests
  • an antigen test, such as a test from a lateral flow device

Arrivals to the UK must prove they have a negative PCR or antigen test. 

Both involve swabs taken from the nose and throat with the PCR accepted as being the most accurate. 

The antigen test or lateral flow test produces results in less than an hour while the PCR involves laboratory testing that can take up to 48hours. 

The Government website says both PCR and Lateral Flow tests are acceptable for entry to the UK. However, most airlines are insisting on a PCR test to have been taken at least 72 hours prior to the flight. 

Many said they had multiple tests before taking a flight.

Laine Careza, who had been visiting family in Kenya, said she was reassured that everyone now arriving in the UK was not carrying the virus.

She said: ‘In Kenya at the borders there are lots of checks. It is good now they are doing it here’.

The E gates usually used by travellers to speed through immigration control were closed as all arrivals had their entry forms personally checked.

Joe Johnson, who arrived from Delhi, India, said he was asked to show his negative PCR fit to fly certificate and a locator form.

He said: ‘ The checks were very thorough. Everyone had to produce the PCR test result and the locator for on. Some people had not filled out the form and went to the back of the queue’.

Airlines had insisted on proof of the negative PCR test before any passenger could board. Photos taken inside the immigration hall at Terminal Two show long lines of passengers waiting to be seen.

The delays were so long that baggage had been removed from the carousels and placed alongside until they could be collected.

The new rules came into force at 4am with all air corridors scrapped and every arrival facing 10 days quarantine or five days if they have another’s test and produce a negative result.

It comes after variants emerged in South Africa and Brazil, with scientific advisers warning more are likely to develop and could be imported from around the world.

The Independent Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies called for a change in quarantine rules in a report on Friday, saying the existing system of ‘in effect, voluntary self-isolation’ should be replaced as ‘a matter of urgency’.

Instead ‘a managed isolation system’ would ensure ‘the full period of isolation is completed’. The report said new strains highlighted ‘international travel as a gaping hole in the UK’s response to the pandemic’. The Independent SAGE group does not officially advise the Government and is separate from its advisers.

HOW LATERAL FLOW TESTS ARE ONLY TRUSTWORTHY WHEN ADMINISTERED BY TRAINED STAFF

Lateral flow tests are only accurate at diagnosing coronavirus when administered by trained professionals, studies have repeatedly shown. 

The tests, which give results in as little as 15 minutes, use swabs of the nose or throat. Samples are then mixed in a testing liquid and put into a plastic cassette which can detect the presence or absence of coronavirus and then produce an image of a line, the same way as a pregnancy test, to indicate whether it is positive or negative.

The Department of Health and NHS are instructing people to use the tests on themselves, despite manufacturers of some kits saying they shouldn’t be used as DIY swabs.

Both the swabbing procedure and the use of the test cassette can easily be done wrong and affect the accuracy of the test. 

If the swab isn’t done for long enough, or deep enough into the nose or throat, it may not pick up fragments of virus. Medical professionals are also able to use nasopharyngeal swabs, which go right to the back of the nostril, whereas this is not advised for people who test themselves.

And if the sample isn’t properly inserted into the cassette the result might be wrong, or people may misread the display when it produces a result. 

SELF-TESTING CUT ACCURACY FROM 79% TO 58%

A University of Oxford and Public Health England evaluation of the Innova lateral flow test, which is being widely used in the UK, found its sensitivity – the proportion of positive cases it detected – fell from 79 per cent to 58 per cent when it was used by untrained members of the public instead of lab experts. 

Based on this evaluation, officials pushed ahead and used it for a real-world self-testing trial.

PILOT IN LIVERPOOL FOUND FEWER THAN HALF OF POSITIVES

When the same Innova test was trialled on members of the public in Liverpool – with people taking their own swabs and trained military staff operating the tests – the swabs picked up just 40 per cent of positive cases.

In the study the rapid tests detected 891 positive results, compared to lab-based PCR swabs that found 2,829 positives in the same group. This means 1,938 people got a wrong negative result from the rapid test.

The study didn’t compare this to professionally done rapid tests, but the manufacturer Innova claims its test is 95 per cent sensitive in lab conditions. 

…BUT TESTING DONE BY MEDICS IN SLOVAKIA ‘REDUCED INFECTIONS’ 

Despite rapid lateral flow tests getting bad press, officials in Slovakia used them on 5.2million people – almost the entire population of 5.5m – in a trial that a study later estimated to have cut the country’s infection rate by 60 per cent.

The tests used were between 70 and 90 per cent accurate and all the swabs and evaluations were carried out by trained medical workers. They used deep nasopharyngeal swabs, that go to the back of the nose, whereas self-testing generally relies on a swab of only the nostril.

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine researchers said that the scheme successfully weeded out coronavirus cases that wouldn’t have been found otherwise, slashing the number of cases by over half in a week during a lockdown. 

HOW RAPID TESTS ARE DIFFERENT TO LAB-BASED PCR SWABS 

Lateral flow tests are an alternative to the gold standard PCR test – known scientifically as polymerase chain reaction testing – which is more expensive and more labour-intensive but more accurate.

PCR tests also use a swab but this is then processed using high-tech laboratory equipment to analyse the genetic sequence of the sample to see if any of it matches the genes of coronavirus.

This is a much more long-winded and expensive process, involving multiple types of trained staff, and the analysis process can take hours, with the whole process from swab to someone receiving their result taking days.

It is significantly more accurate, however. In ideal conditions the tests are almost 100 per cent accurate at spotting the virus, although this may be more like 70 per cent in the real world. 

Travellers are allowed to use public transport or taxis after arriving into the UK. They are then supposed to quarantine for up to ten days, but the vast majority are not thought to have faced any checks. 

Foreign passengers were held up at passport control when they flew in to Stansted airport today because their coronavirus test results were not in English.

The new rules requiring anyone arriving in the UK to have a negative result from a test within the previous 72 hours came in to force at 4am.

Early morning flights appeared to be only a third full with many passengers reporting that they had a row of three seats to themselves.

Many passengers said that border control checks appeared far more thorough than usual, although it did not appear to cause any delays

But some passengers got caught out by the requirement that test results had to be in English, Spanish or French.

One German passenger Antonius Maslaki, 31, who arrived from Frankfurt on a Ryanair flight said: ‘I had read the requirement so I knew to get my test in English. The language requirement was one of the bullet points

‘As I was coming through passport control, I saw about 20 people stuck because their test results were in the wrong language. It was very frustrating for them. They were just being told to wait.

‘I don’t know what was happening to them. The border control did not really know what to do with them.’

Mr Maslaki who lives in London and works as a credit manager said he paid 80 euros for his test on Friday and got his negative result ten hours later, allowing him to travel back to the UK after spending Christmas and New Year with his family.

He added: ‘There are lots of places doing tests in Germany. It is a new business area for private companies.

‘The whole process was not too much of a problem for me. I will be isolating in my flat in London for ten days but I would have had to do that any way.’

German student Arne Wysny, 25, said he had been allowed to board his flight from Cologne even though he had only received a result from a test which he took last Thursday – more than 72 hours after it was taken.

He had taken a second test on Friday, but was still awaiting his result from it when the plane took off.

Mr Wysny who is studying global affairs at King’s College, London, said the negative result from his test on Friday came through by email a few minutes before the plane, touched down, allowing him to enter the UK.

He said he had faced difficulties trying to organise a last minute test in Germany due to some laboratories being closed over the weekend.

Mr Wysny said: ‘It was more challenging than I thought it would be, but it was manageable. I ended up going to a doctor’s surgery in the end. It all went smoothly in the end.’

Italian script supervisor Giulia Patane, 35, who works in the film industry flew in from Milan said she had splashed out on two separate tests costing a total of 150 euros to ensure she could fly in to the UK.

Miss Patane who had been visiting her family since December, and had arrived in the UK to start another film contract.

She said: ‘I spent 100 euros on a test on Friday and while I was waiting for my result, I got another rapid one for 50 euros which came back negative straight away.

‘I am going to be isolating for ten days in an airbnb flat. It is just something that I have to do. I am getting used to it now.

‘I was previously working for five months on a film in Northern Ireland where we were not allowed to go anywhere or see anyone, and I was tested three times a week. Then I went back to Italy and I was stuck inside with my parents for weeks.’

Yorkshire-born musician Joel Hunter, 46, who lives in Berlin and is travelling back to the UK for work, said he thought the new rules were ‘pretty straightforward’.

He said: ‘I got my test on Friday and I got the result yesterday afternoon. Testing is really accessible n Germany. There are lots of companies doing private testing. I just googled the nearest site, booked and went along. It cost £65 with the result guaranteed within 48 hours.

‘But the authorities were paying much more attention after we landed. There were checks on our paperwork and test results and passport before we got to passport control.

‘Then when we got to the control, I panicked because there was a long single file queue. They were examining everything, but it didn’t take long. A month ago nobody was paying any attention when I came through.’

Anna Hamer, 26, a student from New Zealand who lives in north London said: ‘It was certainly more thorough than usual coming through the airport. But it was super easy for me to get a test, so it is no problem.’

WHICH LATERAL FLOW TESTS DOES THE UK GOVERNMENT USE? 

There are currently three lateral flow test devices on the Government’s approved list.

They are:  

SD Biosensor Standard Q Antigen Test

Manufacturer: SD Biosensor

When tested: August 

Claimed accuracy: 95.5%

Real-world accuracy:  Thought to be around 70% – source

Price: Unknown 

SD Biosensor's rapid coronavirus test

SD Biosensor’s rapid coronavirus test

Innova Tried & Tested Antigen Test

Manufacturer: Innova Tried & Tested

When tested: August 

Claimed accuracy: 99%

Real-world accuracy: ‘At least 50 per cent’, according to Dept Health

Price: £8.69 per test (bulk order)

Innova's rapid coronavirus test

Innova’s rapid coronavirus test

Healgen Rapid Covid-19 Antigen Test

Manufacturer: Healgen

When tested: September

Claimed accuracy: 97.3%

Real-world accuracy: Unknown

Price: Unknown

Healgen's rapid coronavirus test

Healgen’s rapid coronavirus test

Another German passenger from Cologne who only gave his name as Sam said: ’It was all nice and smooth’.

But a handful of passengers trying to leave Stansted ran into problems and missed their flights

Russian phd student Oleg, 25, who was flying to Venice said he had gone to Heathrow on Saturday to get his £79 test and got his negative result in 90 minutes.

He said he arrived at Stansted on a train at 5.45am and waited more than an hour in a Ryanair check in queue, before running to the gate and being told he was too late for his 7.20am flight.

German neuroscientist Angelique Lamaze, 38, who had been in the UK for the weekend for an essential family matter was unable to board her Ryanair flight back to Cologne.

She said she had a negative test before leaving Cologne on Friday – but was caught out by a new rule in Germany which insists that anyone arriving on a flight has to have a coronavirus test, not more than 48 hours previously.

It meant she was unable to board her flight, and was left having to hastily arrange a test at Stansted before booking another flight.

The Sunday Times reported that a fresh quarantine crackdown, if introduced, could use GPS and facial-recognition technology to check people don’t leave self-isolation. 

Any new measures would follow the scrapping of ‘travel corridors’ announced by Boris Johnson on Friday. 

All arrivals will have to provide a negative Covid-19 test taken within 72 hours of travel or be banned entering the UK. Both measures came into force at four o’clock this morning. Those flouting the rules face fines of between £200 and £6,400.

A Department for Transport spokesman said: ‘We keep all measures under review.’ 

It comes as a senior Tory MP today warned Australia-style quarantine will have a ‘real impact’ on millions of lives and said the system will ‘have a very severe impact on the travel industry around the world’.

Tom Tugendhat, chairman of the Foreign Affairs Select Committee, said the quarantine system ‘is costing people an awful lot of money’ and is costing ‘multiples of what it used to cost to fly in and out of Australia’.

Speaking to Speaking to Krishnan Guru-Murthy on Channel 4 News, he said: ‘This is going to have a real impact on many people’s lives and anybody who’s got friends who have been to Australia or has family in Australia or New Zealand knows the impact this has had.

‘So this is something I’m glad the Government has taken with extreme caution.

‘That’s why I’m absolutely clear that many other aspects of the Government’s powder-keg needs to be used including aid spending to make sure we spread out quite a lot of these vaccines as soon as we can.;

Mr Tugendhat added: ‘This is costing people an awful lot of money. It means a stay in a hotel can be, in Australia it can be a few thousand dollars.

‘Now if you add that onto the cost of flight and onto the cost of tests and all the rest of it you’re talking multiples of what it used to cost to fly in and out of Australia and I suspect it’s going to have a very severe impact on the travel industry around the world.’

It comes as travellers flew into the UK to beat the 4am deadline today.  

Arrivals could be seen hugging loved ones as they landed at Heathrow following a busy morning in the departures lounge.  

Earlier today passengers were queuing in the departures lounge, as a travel consultant warned there were ‘bumpy days ahead,’ when new travel rules come into place. 

Departures were expected to be busier as business travellers fly-out on Sundays ahead of the working week. 

More arrivals are expected later this evening after thousands flew in to the UK yesterday ahead of Monday’s restrictions. Travellers could be seen waiting for their results after taking tests inside Terminal 5.

Queues at Heathrow today come amid concerns that most UK arrivals are going unchecked for Covid compliance by Border Force.

From 4am today passengers will have to hand over a negative Covid-19 test certificate to check-in staff before flying to the UK.

Guidance on the Government website states it must meet standards on ‘specificity and sensitivity’ of 90 per cent and 87 per cent respectively. 

Paul Charles, CEO of travel consultancy The PC Agency, told MailOnline: ‘There’s likely to be some very bumpy days ahead where travellers coming in will face some confusion over their tests.

‘Airline staff are not medical experts and I expect there will be some confusion over whether the Covid test certificates meet the specifity and sensitivity requirements that the Government has set out.

‘I’d advise to anyone arriving in Britain is before they pack their bags, to check the Government website and make sure they get the right test before flying out.’

Testing is in place for arrivals and departures at Heathrow, but there are concerns rules requiring passengers to provide a negative Covid result could cause confusion at check-in desks abroad

Testing is in place for arrivals and departures at Heathrow, but there are concerns rules requiring passengers to provide a negative Covid result could cause confusion at check-in desks abroad

The Government has pointed out PCR, LAMP and lateral-flow tests are all acceptable methods. 

Officials have been told to prepare to use facial-recognition and GPS technology in order to ensure people stay in isolation when they arrive in the country. 

Passengers are being asked to complete online passenger locator forms to tell officials where they are staying after arriving in the UK.

But MPs have heard just one in 10 of the forms are checked by Border Force, while police officers told to visit addresses for potential breaches of quarantine simply walk away if no one answers – with no follow up investigation.  

Since the start of the pandemic, millions of people have flown in to the UK, but just 247 fines have been handed out to people flouting quarantine rules.

MP David Morris told The Sun: ‘We are past the stage of being able to trust people to isolate if the system is not being policed.

‘We should ramp up the fines or follow Australia’s lead and take travellers straight to secure hotels.’

The Department for Transport has said today’s measures will come alongside increased enforcement,  both at the border and across the country.

Border Force is expected to increase the number of spot checks carried out on passengers arriving in the country. 

Visitors will have to pay for the hotel stays themselves under the proposed plans. 

Civil servants were told to study New Zealand’s policy of ‘directed isolation’, reported the Sunday Times.

Arrivals are charged with stay at an airport hotel and forced to remain in isolation for two weeks in the country.

In Australia, travellers are charged between £1,500 and £2,500 for isolation hotel stays of between 14 and 24 days.

Civil servants also discussed Poland’s ‘enhanced isolation’ system, in which people are contacted daily and told to send a picture of themselves where they are isolating.

The pictures are cross-referenced using GPS data and facial-recognition software and are visited by police within 20 minutes if they fail to comply.

Officials discussed the ideas at a meeting on Thursday and it is understood the technology would be confined to new arrivals, not anyone ordered to self-isolate in the UK. 

The current regime announced on Friday in the UK means people arriving will still have to isolate for 10 days even if they have had a negative coronavirus test within 72 hours – or five if they have another negative result during that period. 

The ban will be backed by tougher spot checks and will stay in place until at least February 15 as ministers and scientists work out how to manage the threat posed by mutations of the virus. 

Yesterday it was revealed that 11 Britons have had one of the variants that have sprung up in Brazil – although it is not yet clear how much of a threat it poses.

Travellers from South America, Portugal, some of central America and South Africa are already barred from coming to the country.

Earlier, Transport Secretary Grant Shapps defended the timing of the South America border ban amid complaints ministers have been ‘behind the curve’ responding to the threat of new Covid variants.

The ban also covers the Central American state of Panama and Portugal – due to its strong travel links with Brazil – and the former Portuguese colony of Cape Verde.

It applies to everyone who has been in the area over the past 10 days – although UK and Irish nationals are exempt – and came into force at 4am.

Scientists analysing the Brazilian variant believe the mutations it shares with the new South African strain are associated with a rapid increase in cases in locations where there have already been large outbreaks of the disease.

British and Irish nationals and others with residence rights are exempted from the measures that were backed by the Scottish and Welsh governments, though they must self-isolate for 10 days along with their households on their return.

Mr Shapps described the ban as a ‘precautionary’ measure to ensure the vaccination programme rolling out across the UK was not disrupted by new variants of the virus.

Asked if the Brazilian strain was currently in the country, he told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: ‘Not as far as we are aware, I think, at this stage.

‘There haven’t been any flights that I can see from the last week from Brazil, for example.’